Ageing brings natural changes to our eyes and makes us more vulnerable to vision loss and eye conditions.
The effect of ageing on your eyes is often small and difficult to notice, but it may lead to challenges and even health hazards in everyday life. Dealing with even minor eye problems can be challenging and frustrating, but taking a proactive approach can help you keep your eyes as healthy as possible.
Common problems for the ageing eye
It is important to understand that as we get older our eyes will go through natural changes that can affect vision. For example, presbyopia, which affects the ability to focus on close objects, is very common in people over 40. This is caused by a natural process in which the eye’s lens becomes less flexible and less effective at focusing light on the retina.
Another example is dry eye, which may occur because of lessened tear production caused by ageing. It may also occur as a side effect of LASIK surgery. Dry eye can be effectively managed and doing so is important to minimise irritation and complications.
Other eye problems that may be caused by genetics, lifestyle factors or underlying conditions often become more prevalent in older people. For example, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.
More general changes may occur as people age including lessened peripheral vision and decreased spatial awareness. As changes like these take place, common tasks may gradually become difficult. Activities like driving, reading and working at a computer are often challenging. Reduced vision can also cause accidents and can be dangerous in certain environments.
How to keep ageing eyes healthy
Eye health is affected by a myriad of factors and sometimes it is not possible to prevent vision loss. Nevertheless, following some general rules can help you keep your eyes healthy as you get older and limit your risk of developing an eye condition.
Eye examinations
More than just checking whether you need glasses, regular eye examinations allow an optometrist to assess your eye health and screen for conditions. For adults, it is recommended to have an eye examination at least every two years.
Family history of eye conditions
It is important to be aware of any vision loss or eye conditions in your family. Many eye problems are genetic and knowing your risk level will help you be proactive about monitoring and looking after your eyes.
Nutrition and exercise
A healthy and nutritious diet helps to support healthy eyes and clear vision. To promote eye health, ensure your diet includes plenty of leafy green vegetables; fruits containing vitamins A, C, and E; and fish containing omega-3 fatty acids.
Some eye conditions like glaucoma and macular degeneration are caused by issues with circulation. Exercise is a great way to improve your circulation and better your general health.
Eyewear
The correct eyewear can protect your eyes in many ways. Wearing UV-protected sunglasses, glare and blue-light reduction glasses and safety eyewear when appropriate can all help to protect your eyes from damage.
Avoiding or quitting unhealthy habits
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are both closely linked to a variety of eye conditions including cataracts and macular degeneration. Quitting smoking and reducing alcohol consumption can improve your chances of enjoying healthy eyes and clear vision.
Keep your eyes rested
Your eyes need rest to keep functioning properly. Overworked eyes can become strained or dry leading to discomfort and sometimes complications. Getting plenty of sleep and taking regular breaks from screens are two great ways to give your eyes the rest they need.
Stay hydrated
Hydration is a great way to promote eye health and limit irritation and dryness. Keeping the eye moist also helps to keep it clean and allows you to be more comfortable.
Proper lighting
A common cause of eye strain is low light. If you are carrying out close work in low light you may notice discomfort, fatigue and even blurry vision. Having a good lighting system in your home or workplace can help to minimise eye strain.
Managing underlying conditions
Sometimes eye problems are caused by underlying conditions. Diabetes, for example, can lead to diabetic retinopathy, a serious eye condition. Monitoring and managing conditions like diabetes carefully can help protect your eyes from complications.
The Takeaway
Older eyes are more susceptible to eye conditions and vision loss. However, considering your eye health and following some simple guidelines can help protect your eyes and your well-being as you get older. By taking small steps towards improving your eye health, you can make a life-changing difference to your future.
